An acute bout of aerobic exercise caused extensive changes in 9,815 molecules that regulate biological processes including energy metabolism, oxidative stress, immune response, and tissue repair.
The new study also revealed a complex role of the post-exercise inflammatory response with higher levels of inflammatory and growth factors at 15 min post-recovery that was associated with higher peak VO2.
There were many differences in biological processes impacted by exercise in metabolically healthy vs. unhealthy individuals. People with insulin resistance had a reduced inflammatory response and a reduced efficiency to oxidize free fatty acids, produce energy, and restore energy homeostasis.
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